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Art in America: Annotated Catalogue Raisonne of the Books by Martin Kippenberger 1977-1997 - Book Re

by Uwe Koch, D.A.P./Distributed Art Publishers, New York, 2003; 335 pages, $55.

It's been over six years since Martin Kippenberger died at the age of 44, and his artistic presence seems to just keep getting bigger and bigger. He's already been the subject of several retrospectives, most recently at Vienna's Museum Moderner Kunst. His brand of tongue-in-cheek, gleefully provocative, culturally omnivorous "bad" painting has made him an influential figure on young painters everywhere, eclipsing, at least for the moment, his more reserved compatriot Gerhard Richter. His work brings ever greater prices in galleries and at auctions. He has even managed the rare feat of being posthumously chosen to represent Germany (with Candida Hofer) at this year's Venice Biennale.

Of course death, especially of the premature variety, can often have a beneficial effect on artistic reputation, all the more so when the artist in question possessed a lacerating wit that he enjoyed inflicting on everyone with whom he came in contact. But I suspect that the real force behind Kippenberger's Lazarus act is not that his death has made involvement with his work safer for dealers, collectors and critics, but simply our growing awareness of his enormous, consistently brilliant output. Kippenberger was such a productive, wide-ranging artist that, as more of his oeuvre becomes accessible through exhibitions and catalogues, it almost seems as if he is still alive somewhere, turning out a steady stream of new work.

The latest proof of Kippenberger's ceaseless creativity is Uwe Koch's annotated catalogue raisonne of Kippenberger's books, a 335-page volume with 149 entries. The high number of items for the 20-year period under examination (1977-97) reflects Koch's decision to admit to the canon not only Kippenberger's many artist books but also exhibition catalogues, publications that Kippenberger contributed to and those he edited or "initiated." The argument for this inclusive approach is articulated in an introductory essay by critic Diedrich Diederichsen, who discusses what he calls Kippenberger's "total service concept." Inspired partly by Joseph Beuys, Kippenberger believed that artists should take control of all aspects of their careers. In keeping with this belief, he never left details such as the design of exhibition announcements and catalogues to the graphic designers usually hired by galleries and museums. He also made a point of publishing catalogues for nearly every one of his many exhibitions of paintings, sculptures and installations. Diederichsen suggests that these volumes were more important to the artist than the actual shows they documented, offering an instant and durable "reward." For Kippenberger, writes Diederichsen, "producing his own catalogue meant that the mythological promise of immortality could also be consumed in the moment." At the same time, as Diederichsen points out, the relentlessly satirical Kippenberger was parodying the legitimacy that catalogues are supposed to confer.

Indeed, parody is everywhere in Kippenberger's books, which often copy the format, graphics and typography of preexisting publications. The cover of a catalogue of his 1987 exhibition "Peter" at Galerie Max Hetzler in Cologne, for instance, is closely based on the cover of a 1972 Piero Manzoni monograph. He apparently liked this design so much that he used it for nine subsequent catalogues at nine different galleries. If the allusion to Manzoni may have been as much homage as parody, other bibliographical allusions were more clearly satirical. The 1984 catalogue Die I.N.P.-Bilder, also published by Hetzler, is a near-perfect copy of Die Afrika-Bilder, a catalogue published earlier that year for a show of African-themed paintings by Walther Dahn and Jiri Georg Dokoupil at the Groninger Museum in Holland. The initials I.N.P. stand for "Ist Nicht Peinlich," which means "is not embarrassing." The implication, for those familiar with the Groninger catalogue, is that Kippenberger found his colleagues' "Africa" paintings to be embarrassing examples of cliched exoticism.

There's a photo-archive aspect to some of Kippenberger's early books that seems related to Hans-Peter Feldmann's collections of found photographs and Gerhard Richter's encyclopedic scrapbook, Atlas. Yet the contents of Kippenberger's books, which mix found images with newly created material, tend to be far more autobiographical than theirs. Invited in 1980 to do a volume for Berlin's Merve Verlag, a publishing house that focused mainly on critical texts, Kippenberger produced Frauen (Women), an uncaptioned sequence of 114 black-and-white photographs of various women in his life. A series of books arising from what Kippenberger called his "Magical Misery Tour" of Brazil documents, amid numerous shots of Rio's bikini-clad beauties, his and his friends' extensive drinking and gambling. In 1987, he published a 264 page autobiographical book titled Cafe Central: Skizze zum Entworf einer Romanfigur (Cafe Central, Sketch for a Study of a Figure in a Novel). Although the title refers to Kippenberger's favorite Cologne watering hole, the diaristic narrative chronicles the artist's travels throughout Europe and beyond.

Although most of Kippenberger's artist books relied on photographic material and his drawings, he also produced a number of text-heavy works, Cafe Central among them. In 1985, he hired a ghostwriter to pen an account of a holiday that he, Kippenberger, had just spent at the Belgian seaside resort of Knokke. The result, 1984: Wie es wirklich war am Beispiel Knokke (1984: How It Really Was, by Way of Example of Knokke), appeared under his own name in an edition that perfectly mimicked the graphics of the German publisher Reclam's Universalbibliothek series of classic texts. (He reused this format twice, in 1986 and 1991.) An inveterate if unorthodox bibliophile, Kippenberger also, at various times, copied Baedeker guidebooks, an obscure catalogue published by the Bern Kunstmuseum in 1954 and the New York art dealer Michael Werner's distinctive series of pocket-sized monographs. One of his artist books is largely devoted to reproducing the covers of 237 postwar German paperbacks.

Sometimes, rather than going to the trouble of printing a facsimile of an existing book, he used the original edition itself by purchasing a number of copies and altering each of them by hand. For The Cologne Manifesto (1985), he and fellow painter Albert Oehlen acquired 25 copies of In Germany, a 1976 coffee-table book by photojournalist Ernst Haas. After affixing irreverent "I [heart]" stickers to every page, they signed each copy and added new dust jackets with their names, the new title and a photograph of the two artists looking at their wristwatches. Such projects were usually dune in very small editions. In 1988, Kippenberger reworked 12 copies of the just-published catalogue of the Whitney Museum's Robert Mapplethorpe retrospective, rubber-stamping the word TOT in block letters in various configurations over the American photographer's images. Why did Kippenberger choose the German word for "dead" for this unauthorized intervention? It was widely known at the time of the Whitney's show that Mapplethorpe was gravely ill with AIDS (he died in early 1989), and themes of mortality pervaded his late serf-portraits. Such facts were no doubt on Kippenberger's mind, but since tot can additionally mean "exhausted" or "dull," he may also have been passing esthetic judgment on the photographs.

If appropriation was Kippenberger's favorite publication strategy, he also enjoyed collaboration, as evidenced by several book projects with Oehlen, as well as others with painters Dokoupil and Werner Buttner, and Viennese composer Gerhard Lampersberg. For his 1994 exhibition "The Happy End of Franz Kafka's Amerika," an assembly of several dozen bizarrely customized tables and chairs, he invited various individuals--including professional writers, artists and a dentist friend--to pen texts that would complete Kafka's unfinished novel, taking the job interview as their theme. (The final existing section of Amerika imagines a sort of employment agency set up on an Oklahoma racetrack.) Kippenberger's original plan was to have a different author's book resting on each table in his installation, but only 10 books were realized, in editions that range in size from 500 to 1,500 copies.

Everyone interested in Kippenberger's work should be thankful to Koch for this detail-packed, generously illustrated volume--following the tracks of an artist as busy and peripatetic as Kippenberger cannot have been easy. In addition to full publication information on each book, there is a running chronology of Kippenberger's career. The essays by old Kippenberger hands Diederichsen and Roberto Ohrt are also welcome, though the English text throughout this bilingual English-German volume could have used another round of proofreading.

Continued from page 1.

Confronted with the full extent of Kippenberger's books, we realize how much their making meant to him, how much he must have loved the book as an object. This obvious passion for publishing should help correct the all-too-pervasive image of Kippenberger as a drunken art-world hooligan, and make young artists who superficially ape his style realize the breadth of cultural reference that underpinned it. Koch's compendium also reminds us that this figure who is so often connected to the "return" of painting in the 1980s was just as deeply involved with the genre that for many typified the 1970s, the artist book.

COPYRIGHT 2003 Brant Publications, Inc.
COPYRIGHT 2003 Gale Group

Copyright©2005 All rights reserved.
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